Disease or Diseases that affect the Rabbit Case Study

Disease or Diseases that affect the Rabbit - Case field of study ExampleIn addition, by the time rabbits show signs of illnesses, their condition begins to deteriorate rapidly making it rocky for any intervention method. Therefore, for the majority of illnesses, many vets have stated that vaccination is one of the most idol approaches.One of the most common diseases affecting rabbits are bacterial infections which lead to the formation of an abscess. This is usually an collection of pus with in a cavity that is located in the jaw area. However, it is not limited to this location and push aside be found on many different parts of the body. This disease is easily avertible by reducing the fighting between rabbits and ensuring that they are not exposed to injury from sharp pussy objects. Since prevention is not always possible the treatment may be required and this disease is easier to happen upon as it is visible on the rabbit. The abscess is lacerated and the wound is disinfec ted with peroxide (Meridith, 2003).Rabbits At times excessively begin from caked milk production, which occurs when a rabbit has too much milk for the number of kittens. Therefore, this milk is not utilize and leads to this pathology as the ratio of breastfeeds does not correlate with that of milk production. The disease is often mistaken for mastitis as it has a fairly similar presentation. The rabbits mamillary glands will become hard, swollen and extremely painful. The disease can be prevented by reducing the amount of food tat is rationed daily which in process keep downs the amount of milk that is produced. This process has shown to yield excellent results within 7 days. There are also some other methods which are used for treatment and these include relieving of congestion by partially milking the rabbit and also massaging anti-inflammatory ointment around the affected breast area. This in turn will reduce the pain that is felt

Stem Cell Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Stem Cell - Term Paper ExampleAs the elemental unit of life, the kiosk became the determinant for the cause of several serious medical conditions, such as summation failures, birth defects and all types of cancer. An understanding of the process of cell development allowed medical scientists to assess a event health condition and to boost the recovery of the person who has it. For the purposes of research and treatment, subject cell part and banking emerged to come the hottest trend in the medical world, though a number of objections were raised especially by those from the church service and other moralists. Stem Cell 101 As opposed to the other human and animal types of cell, stubble cells argon those that carry the potential to develop into some or many different cell types in the body (National Institutes of Health, 2010). A simpler and more direct approach is to state that stem cells are cells that renew on its own. They self-generate. As the human bodys repair and rej uvenating mechanism, stem cells have the ability to divide boundlessly and replenish other cells of the living person, and their product could either maintain a form of a stem cell or become other functional cell in the form of a muscle, caput or red blood cell (National Institutes of Health, 2010). ... , there are other scientific inquiries conducted by the issue experts to determine which other parts of the human body could be possible sources of such a inseparable treasure. The positive outcome of these explorations shall be one of the most-awaited advancements in modern science and will be considered another quantum leap for humanity. Donation and Transplant It is with this potency and promise of the stem cell that health experts dedicated some(prenominal) of their time researching about this subject. Already, there have been a number of medical investigations that confirmed the multi-faceted functions of the stem cell and that indicated the need for a wider exploration on the matter, including its transplantation. Due to the fact that donated tissues and organs used to replace those that are infected or damaged are easily exhausted, an increased demand for stem cell donation was observed. Medical practitioners, consequently, encourage people to donate a part of themselves in the form of the stem cell to help those who badly need treatment for diseases such as diabetes, Parkinsons, Alzheimer, spinal cord injury, burns, arthritis and cardiac malfunction, among others. To oppose to the need, nevertheless, some hospitals and clinical specialists would immediately offer mothers who have just given birth if they are compliant to donate the placentas and umbilical cords of the newborn. However, the decision remains in the mother and a written take over should be executed first. In addition, private businesses emanated to cater to the desire of families who want to preserve the umbilical cord of their newborn for any future use through sophisticated sto rage facilities. This goes with a substantial payment, though, require from the customers. But for healthcare institutions that

My response Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

My response - Essay ExampleIt is a reflection of numerous economic indicators, crack an overall measure of the economic product, competitiveness, and the living standards that are dominant in an economy. It is labor productivity which explains the basic principle needed to understand econmic increase and social development (Freeman). Increase in labor productivity is tell to increase the standard of living in an economy. When productivity increases, the price of products and services decreases which in turns increases domestic as well as foreign consumption for those particular products and services. To meet this increase in demand, overall labor increases which utilizes more use of equipment and a greater demand for workforce. Hence, employment increases, real wages of the working figure grow and the overall economy flourishes (Galarneau and Dumas).The first 3 paragraphs of the article One Pay Gap Shrinks, other Grows basically tells about how income distri simplyion has not been equal. It is said that the major argument is not whether men sire done better than women or vice versa. It is true that women are winning the race of obtaining college diplomas and male utmost school dropouts are at the top of those suffering the repercussions of the poor job situation. However, it is not only the knowledge system that needs to be revised for better income distribution. The question that matters and need to be answered is why the average worker hasnt earned more. There certainly has been an increase in overall wages, but this increase is very moderate. It is also believed that productivity is good but not at par with growth 1947-1963.According to the sources, the bottom 80% of the people would have had $670 billion more of what they have now if the growth rate would had been constant from 60s. This means that the growth rate is perfectly fine but the income has not been distributed equally.

English 251 (World Literature) Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

English 251 (World Literature) - Essay compositors caseThe Bible itself is an exemplary of mixed culture as we have the Hebrew Bible, Christian Bible. The Gilgamesh is not a discourse on religion but it there are theological elements in the book. It is re anyy knotty to trace the real origin of all the religious dictums. The three books are similar in sealed spheres and differs in a many a grounds with the basic similarity of punishment. Early Muslims perceived that the record and the forerunner biblical texts and figures. Intertextuality is evident of the fact that each culture owes something to the other. The cross cultural influence is decidedly responsible for these similarities. The cross cultural studies are a branch of literary or cultural studies dealing with the writings and the scriptures by the authors associated with more than one culture. The Great Flood in the three books brings out the sequel of cross cultural influence.The Great Flood is mentioned in the religi ous books of the Bible, the Quran and the Gilgamesh. The basic ground of all theologies is the Almighty and is related to sin, retribution and redemption. The books also bear the message that divinitys warnings should not be ignored and the judgment of the God should be done in the form of destruction to purge the domain of sins. In other words, the books depict to show that the wages of sins are punishment, death and destruction. In Bible the tommyrot of the flood appears in Genesis (69-822).There are three motifs shown for this flood. It aims to show God as the judge of the complete world. He is the entity who has the supreme authority to distinguish between right and wrong. The second motif intends to say that God has made provisions for the recipients of His grace. To be explicit to receive the grace of God one must describe the path of righteousness. The third is significant for Israel. Through the flood the God judged the wicked Egyptians and brought them to the Red Sea t o perch in humble

Network Security Planning Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

cyberspace Security Planning - Assignment ExampleWhite (2001) defines cisco SAFE as architecture in security that offers guidelines for modular profits design approach (Cisco, 2010). This approach makes its ease for network designers to understand relationships thus go away to execute security based on one module subsequently the other unlike the conventional approach of implementing one broad approach for the entire enterprise. Despite its advantage of maximizing control and visibility, Cisco SAFE has limitations and this paper explores these limitations in detail and their impacts on network security.With Cisco SAFE, denial of service efforts is a widespread threat especially for organizations that do not implement protocol analysis in network security design. With poor protocol analysis, the network lacks significant pattern matching with IDS guaranteeing that the rules of each protocol argon followed and this results to sending of both protocol related and unrelated data st reams. Consequently, traffic is not valid and is an attack that bypasses security systems or an attack crashing the system due to invalid data presence in the think system. DoS is overcome by ensuring that IDS in Cisco SAFE has the right knowledge of ordinary system protocols like UDP, TCP, FTP, and HTTP.A second limitation is distributed denial-of-service (DDoS). Without proper configuration of Ciscos firewall Intrusion perception System (IDS), organizational networks are subject to DDoS attacks preventing networks from bandwidth access (World, 2002). DDoS attacks consume entire business network bandwidth by attackers while Cisco IDS offers distinctive protection against DDoS by detecting attacks proactively and mitigate them. However, Cisco IDS requires configuration after router configuration to enable it to identify and block attacks prior to the occurrence of intrusion or unauthorized proceeding and this calls for effective configuration of Cisco IDS.For any

Environmentally Sustainable Business Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

environmentally Sustainable Business - Essay ExampleOther initiatives include development of aero-engines that ar friendlier to the environment and airframes that be efficient. The aviation industry has also developed ways of assisting communities and passengers comprehend the concept of climate change and pollution resulting from use of the airlines. Aviation Industry players are undertaking the initiatives to mitigate the negative environmental effects caused by the activities in the aviation industry.The activist stage explain that societal issues caused by businesses or organizations are saucy and very few people date the extent of their good or bad sides to the society. As a result, activists are ignored because they are not supported by facts or evidence. Proponents of the new societal issues are normally ignored or dismissed by the business community and authority. The proponents championing for societal rights are activists (Zadek 2004). harmonise to the SA (2009) repor t, issues of environmental challenges had already emerged in the UK aviation industry, and the authorities, airlines and the communities have negotiated mitigation measures. This stage had been by-passed because powerful coalition was underway to deal with the environmental challenges of aviation industry. The coalition is comprised of airlines, Airport Operators link (AOA), the British Air Transport Association (BAT), the Society of British Aerospace Companies (SBAC) and NATS (AS 2009).The second stage is the emerging stage. This stage recognises that the political and media community know and understand the societal issues. There are research bodies that emerge to study the cropping societal issues in the UK aviation caused by aviation activities and processes. The second stage has also been by-passed because climate change, noise and air pollution have make out common knowledge in the United Kingdom especially among air operators. Researches have also been fit out while monit oring and evaluation frameworks have been

Plato and Aristotle Research Proposal Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Plato and Aristotle - Research final cause ExampleThis practice is to this day referred to as Socratic dialogue and is much valued by pedagogues and counselors.Plato was, from the root word concerned with the relationship between what is unending and immutable, and what is more transient and flows in genius. This was a preoccupation of two Socrates as well as the pre-Socratic sophists, who were more concerned with human morality and the societal ideals or virtues. enchantment the sophists, like todays postmodernists held that ideas of right and wrong vary from state to state and were equally valid, this was not accepted by Socrates. He believed that in that respect were absolute rules for right and wrong. He believed in eternal, immutable laws because human reason was eternal and immutable.Plato is concerned not exclusively with what is eternal and immutable as regards morals (right and wrong) in society, but in addition what is eternal and immutable in nature. For Plato, t here was no dichotomy as the two problems were the same. The reality he tried to grasp behind the appearances was what was eternally, admittedly, beautiful and good.Before Plato arrived on the scene, Empedocles and Democritus had drawn attention to the fact that, although in nature everything appears to be transient, there must be something underlying this flow that never changes. Plato agreed with the view that everything flows and that there are no substances that time cannot dissolve and erode, but that what is permanent is in the idea of a unfailing form which is eternal and immutable. So, for Plato, what was immutable was not anything physical and demonstrable, but a conception of a spiritual and rescind pattern that underpin all tangible things in the demesne. For example, while individualist, physical horses may differ in several dimensions, there is an unchanging model of what a horse is or should be and each individual horse conforms to it. Plato decided that there wer e a limited number of forms giving rise to all the varied forms we experience around us. Plato called these forms ideas. Plato concluded that there was a greater reality behind the observable, material world and that this reality resolved itself into the world of ideas. These are the eternal and immutable patterns behind all observable phenomena and were the introduction for Platos theory of ideas. Plato observed that nothing that is perceived by the senses could last forever. Plato therefore, expounded the view that we could not have unbowed knowledge of things that are in a constant flux and are changing. We can have true knowledge of things that are understood by the use of our faculty for reasoning while we can only have opinions about what we perceive through our senses. He illustrated his belief that all natural phenomena are exclusively shadows of their true forms and ideas by utilizing the myth of the cave. He likened normal people to those living in an underground cave p osing with their backs to the mouth of the cave and unable to move or look around. Meanwhile there are shadows of human-like creatures communicate on a wall, and to the cave dwellers that is the only observed reality for them. They cannot know what is behind these shadows. If however, one of the cave dwellers were to excess him/herself and see the actual figures who cast the shadows,

Quantitative Method in Economics Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Quantitative Method in Economics - Assignment ExampleThis is the rate which the government has to rupture firms involved in polluting the environment to compensate for the impacts of their operations to the environment.16. The total tax revenue collected lead be arrived at by taking the product of this tax rate and the estimated units likely to be produced. anticipate the units produced are Q* the tax revenue will be 3.3698Q*.18. Price elasticity of demand is the change in legal injury relative to demand and it is a measure of the degree or extent at which price changes relative to the demand. It is worked out as the Change in demand divided by Change in price20. Depending on how elastic demand is will dictate the potion for the producers and that for the consumers. With inelastic demand as witnessed in our case, the producer will bear a smaller weight of the tax as compared with the consumers who will belief a greater pinch of the

Aboriginal Rights (Canada) Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Aboriginal Rights (Canada) - Essay ExampleThey are start out entity rights in Canada that the key people have practiced and acclimatized to over time. Historically, the aboriginal rights merely protected the aboriginal people and their status in the society. However, the rights and freedoms accorded to the aboriginal people have taken a new image in the recent times. The aboriginal people now enjoy more emphasized and cemented rights and freedoms, as do other people in Canada. This paper analyzes the aboriginal rights and freedoms from a political angle in gild to determine their application in Canada. Past Application of Aboriginal Rights In the past, the aboriginal rights and privileges in Canada simply applied within the borders of the country. Aboriginal politicians defended their countries especially when foreign countries infringed on the rights. Particularly, the aboriginal politicians complained to the international bodies like the joined Nations over the imposition of t he British crown rules on the aboriginal people (Panagos 407). The politicians argued that the aboriginal people were governed by the aboriginal laws then the imposition of the British crown laws lacked meaningful ground for application. Many aboriginal groups even so call upon the judicature to recognize the aboriginal laws. ... However, the government and colonial masters brought discriminatory pieces to the aboriginal rights hence the aboriginal people faced more discrimination even in the face of the new treaties. On such grounds, the aboriginal people in Canada are resistant to allow the government any office of disrespect to the aboriginal rights. Court Implementation and Application of the Aboriginal Rights In the existence of the aboriginal rights, the judicature has played a major role in solving disputes and aligning the aboriginal rights among the people. The courts have antecedently arbitrated the conflicts between the aboriginal politicians and the governmental age ncies. According to Ray (400), in the recognition of the aboriginal rights by the government in 1982, the government did not define what these rights were. This brought a lot of confusion over the application and diversion of the rights. In a statement during the adoption of the aboriginal rights, the courts attained the power to determine the definition and jurisdiction of the aboriginal rights. In this sense, the courts would determine cuttings on grounds of whether the aboriginal rights applied to a case or not. The courts have also played a role in the aboriginal rights through the creation of the sparrow test in the case of the 1990 R v Sparrow decision. The case brought two factors into existence as regards the aboriginal rights (Collins 959). First, it defined the extent to which the aboriginal rights could apply and the pieces or parts that could be infringed by the government. The case also confirmed that the aboriginal rights were not absolute because the court, which

Strategic management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words - 1

Strategic management - Essay ExampleNew York Times has identified that Zara has the capacitor to replenish armorys twice a week (Lutz, 2012). What Zara Really Do Zara has crafted their value chain in a demand flexible manner with an intention of enhancing forward and backward integration in the operation (Lancaster and Massingham, 2010, p. 195). The familiarity has implemented integration in various value chain activities such as managing send time, stock replenishment, incorporating modish fashion in designing and raw material tracking with an intention of achieving sustainable condescension ontogeny. The company has decreased steps of value chain in order to decrease total relapsing times. More than two hundreds fashion professionals supervise the product designing phase in order to asseverate customer superior quality cloths and decrease probability of getting outdated in contrast to latest fashion trend. Zara emphasizes on establishing stable relationship with value chai n partners in order to decrease lead time in product offering. The company has decreased turnaround time to only 14 geezerhood with the help of superior synchronization between forward and back integration. Zara offers fashion apparels for three types of customers such as men, women and children. Currently the company is offering products in more(prenominal) than five hundred cities across the world. External abbreviation PESTLE Zara is a Spanish company hence it will be viable to do macro environmental digest of the company in their home ground. The report will conduct PESTLE analysis of Spain in order to understand strategic position of Zara. Political PP is running the government of the country and public has rejected for ruling party PSOE in depart year election. The country is suffering from various problems resembling high-pitched unemployment rate, high public debt and low GDP growth. Spanish government has implemented austerity measures of 65bn in order to reduce the financial deficit to 3% within next two years. Zara is facing a financial tumultuous period in home ground hence it will be kindle to see effect of austerity measure in their business. Spanish government structure can be understood by the following diagram. (Source commercialise Line, 2012a) Economic Research conducted by Marketline shows that annual GDP growth of Spain will be reduced by 1.07% within next one year and other factors standardised retail sales, domestic consumption and industry output will be decreased by more than 3.5% within next one year. Economic recession has triggered the unemployment rate of the country to 20 year high 24.4%. All these factors are indicating that Zara will face a demand crunch in the home country. dead(a) GDP growth rate of the country can be explained by the following diagram. (Source Market Line, 2012a) UNCTAD or United Nations Conference on Trade and Development has pointed out that FDI in Spain has decreased from $40.8 to $29.5bn in la st two years. Dwindling FDI condition of the country can be understood by the following diagram. (Source Market Line, 2012a) The country is suffering from increasing swelling rate which is hampering overall growth rate. Fluctuating nature of inflation can be analysed in the following manner. (Source Market Line, 2012a) Staggering unemployment rate of Spain can be explained by the following diagram. (Source Market Line, 2012a) Social Government has reformed the existing pension scheme and which can accession savings 3.5% of GDP by 2050. Spanish labour market reform will provide tractability and competitiveness to retailers

Database security risks Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Database earnest risks - Term Paper ExampleAlso, this research will outline the main problems with the database screen and security.Data and information are precious assets for any organization or business. Information refers to data that has been improve and structured by processing and purposeful intelligence (Whitten, Bentley, & Dittman, 2000, p. 45). Here, data refers to a basic explanation of events, things, persons, processes, and proceedings that are collected, categorized, and stored, however they are not structured to convert any definite meeting. Data items take figures, numeric, alphanumeric, sounds, or images. A database encompasses data and information that are organised for retrieval (Turban, Leidner, McLean, & Wetherbe, 2005, p. 51) and (Laudon & Laudon, 1999, p. 7). According to (Stair & Reynolds, 2003), a database consists of organized collection of data and information. A database can include data and information on, workers, clients, inventory, sales informat ion, competitors, online dealings, and so on (Stair & Reynolds, 2003, p. 17). A database is a most valuable asset for any organization which is necessary to run the business. Therefore, security of this asset is very necessary. Security consists of the guidelines, activities, and actions used to stop unlawful access or modification, theft, and physical modify to database (Laudon & Laudon, 1999, p. 502). Privacy refers to right of organizations and individuals to forbid or incarcerate the compilation and utilization of information about them. In addition, few years ago, information privacy was straightforward to maintain because information was stored in different locations, for instance, each business had its make acknowledgment files, and each government agency maintained detached records, doctors kept their own patient files. However, presently, huge databases store this data online. A large amount of this data is private and cloistered and should be reachable only to permitted users (Shelly, Cashman, & Vermaat,

The Solution to the issue Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

The Solution to the issue - query Paper ExampleThe conclusion provides a brief recap of what the beginning is and how it has been discussed throughout the paper.Is there a solution to crime? It is a doubtfulness that can be asked by any concerned citizen. All over the country, people argon face up with the likelihood of being the victims of a crime. It does not matter what type of crime, big or small in the judgment of any individual, a crime is a crime. Be it stealing by force from a person, property, killing, or even crimes that infringe on the human rights of any individual like rape. All these are crimes that represent a wide array of the types of crime that are in existence today. With the availability of technology, the incumbent nature of crime has become sophisticated. In addition, the crime fighting agencies have also embraced technology and make the detection and fighting of crime sophisticated too. Hence, it is evident that a complex case scenario is in the offing. A case that brings about some form of intricacy into the whole issue surrounding crime. Nevertheless, correctional facilities mountain pass a place where criminals can be rehabilitated. However, as described in the examination of the biggest issues facing American correctional system, gangs in the correctional facilities and the behavior of the convicted criminals making up these gangs is the greatest issue. Thus, there has to be a way to solve this issue to ensure that the American correctional system gets it right in the renewal of the individuals it has been entrusted with. Persons who have been found dangerous and unfit to live and interact with the rest of the American civil population. What is the solution? The paper seeks to describe a solution to this issue.What makes this the biggest issue in the American correctional system? Research undertaken by Ruddell and Winterdyk (2010) that one the issue of gangs in

Write short notes on four of the followings Essay

Write short notes on four of the followings - Essay ExampleThis is because the psychological laboratories that were developed later on took the structure of Wundts laboratory.The experiments that Wundt conducted mainly were ground-breaking in nature since they were deviating from the conventional methods of studying psychology to bran-new ways that were not focused on the sciences of nature or the philosophical point of view (Bembenutty 2007). Wundt engaged in experimental methods towards approaching psychological studies. He believed that the reality or the fundamentals of the changes that occurred in an being relied on an interaction of the two essential processes, which combined to form a psychophysical reaction. The two include the physiologic process that depends on the body functions and the psychological process that depended on mental factors (Hochstetler 2007). Wundt was the initiator of the conception of the naming of occurrences in the mind in relation to external st imuli that could be measurable. In his view, the human mind postulate to be considered as an action rather than an object (Harvey 2007). This view was focused on the perception that psychology was not just a subject, but a complex one too that comprised a philosophical perspective in the manner that people perceive issues.In Wundts perspective, psychology that encompassed the physiology was understood as a study that was focused on the processes of reactions that originated from exposure of the sensory cells to stimuli, leading to the motivation of the brain and thence the muscles of the body leading to a particular behavior in reaction to the stimuli (Bembenutty 2007). This process was paralleled by the considerateness of an individuals thoughts which defined the events of the mental activities in life. This contemplation was what Wundt based psychological experimentations. In different words, introspection was fundamental to the success of the works of Wundt (Shana

Nursing Conflict Management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

nurse Conflict Management - Essay ExampleThe article entitled A literature review of scrap communication causes, costs,The article entitled A literature review of deviation communication causes, costs,benefits and interventions in nurse written by Brinkert (2010) which was published in the Journal of Nursing Management proffered pertinent issues relative to presenting a review of related literature on the subject of conflict communication. The article was replete with presenting relevant issues close to conflict in the nursing profession. Since the author presented a literature review, he used authoritative secondary coil sources of previous studies and researches that discussed the causes, costs of unmanaged conflict, the benefits of normal conflict communication, as well as the identified strategies which were deemed most telling in addressing conflicts encountered by nurses. One of the most relevant findings was stated as while conflict cannot be entirely eliminated from nu rsing, particular sources of destructive conflict may be decreased or eliminated (Brinkert, 2010, p. 151). Likewise, the author revealed that conflict communication is a facet in the nursing profession that remains underdeveloped. The content is highly expert to nurse managers in terms of its extensive and comprehensive content that included determining the origin, nature, causes, costs and otherwise interventions and strategies that would be helpful in resolving conflict within the nursing profession.

Layoff Protocol Assignment Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Layoff Protocol subsidization - Essay ExampleThe layoff protocol is to be facilitated by the directors in close co-operation with the management group. It takes into account the received emotional and psychological distress being experienced in the organization and therefore requires that the implementation team adequately communicates the importance of this activity.The criteria of selection shall be pegged on four major benchmarks that will include the days of service, the nature of work, performance appraisal records among other factors like recommendation by head of departments according to wanness and the organizational policy. The management shall look into requests for volunteering workers who intend to leave for other reasons. Secondly, the committee shall proceed to look at the classification of employees on the stated factors as indicated above. The order of priority shall be given to technical employees, those who take hold served for longer years and are therefore n ot able to look for other places and highly perform employees as recognized by the human resource policy mechanisms.It is notable that the board arrived at this finale after considering other options and therefore it was the last option. The laid off workers shall also be given priority for redeployment should the current situation

Articles of Confederations Fails Essay Example for Free

Articles of bonds Fails EssayIn entrap for a solid ground to work to its fullest potential, it needs a slap-up giving medication. This government needs to do terce important tasks. It needs to set up laws, enforce the laws, and return many different services. Also, it needs to control sure it brings everyone together. Finally, if the government has a problem it should be able to be doctor substantially. When the 13 colonies had the Articles of Confederation it couldnt do many of the things it was supposed to do, thus it failed as a government. First, the Articles couldnt fulfill the purposes of government like it was supposed to. They were supposed to set up many laws to keep the states and the country as a whole in order. They couldnt do that so instead the states made up their own rules and followed them. That in like manner caused the states to become more independent. Also, since there were no laws, that means that the government couldnt enforce any laws. Although, it could provide some services, but that was the only purpose the government could fulfill. Who wants a government that cant do what it was meant to do? The Articles didnt fulfill the purposes of government and that is why it failed as a government.Next, a strong a government can bring its entire nation together, unlike the Articles of Confederation. Nobody in the states very liked or agreed with the Articles. The 13 different states started making up their own rules and just followed them. This caused disengagement between the states, which was non expert in the least bit. In order to have a good country, it is much better if the government can unite everyone. The Articles of Confederations couldnt bring its nation together, so it failed as a government.Finally, the Articles couldnt been fixed easily. It took all the 13 states to agree on something to be fixed within the Articles. If one state didnt want a change it didnt happen. That means that it would be very hard to fix any thing with the government. The Articles could not fix itself for fulfilling the purposes of government or uniting the country. For a country starting out with its premier government, they shouldve have known there were probably going to be problems. Usually, the first time you try something it doesnt work out perfectly. With that, they should have made a way to easily fix the Articles, but they could not. With this huge problem, the United States definitely needed a change of government. The Articles of Confederation could not easily be fixed, a final reason to why it failed as a government.We had the Articles, for many reasons. They could not fulfill the purposes of government under it. Also, we couldnt bring all the 13 states together as a nation, protect the people of the country, or fix the problems of government with ease. The states needed all of those items to become a great country. Instead, it caused many problems for the people of the states. In conclusion, the Articles o f Confederation were overturned for the greater good.

Using the Writing Process Essay Example for Free

Using the Writing Process EssayIn the term that researcher Deborah Tannen wrote authorise How Male and Fe masculine Students Use Language Differently, she relates her experiences nearly linguistic research and then indicates that, in the variant regional, ethnic, and contour backgrounds, there is great difference with the authority males and female persons use their own languages. This paper revolves around the article written by Deborah Tannen, which was originally published in the Chronicle of Higher Education in the stratum 1991.In the end, it proves how males and females differ in their use of language, and that males function to verbalize much when in public, while females speak to a greater extent when in private. Thus, open class discussions are more talented to the male gender, while gnomish group discussions are more talented to the female gender. Females are more timid and with bony when drawn to the public. Main Body Summary In the article, Tannen (199 1) distinguishes some of the apparent differences when it comes to males and females use of language. One of the differences is that, females who come from single-sex schools do better in later life (Tannen, 1991, p. 38).Apart from that, males usually run out more whenever they sit neighboring to females in classrooms. Tannen (1991) also relates how sociologists J. Lever, M. H. Goodwin, and D. Eder proves that both males and females learn to use language differently in their peer groups. Tannen (1991) recalls, Typically, a girl has a best friend with whom she sits and talks, frequently telling secrets. Its the telling of secrets, the fact and the means that they talk to each other For boys, activities are central their best friends are the whizs they do things with. Boys also tend to play in larger groups that are hierarchical. (Tannen, 1991, p. 38)Males subscribe to a lot of experiences being with larger crowds and this entails them to talk more. Tannen (1991) mentions how mal es and females around the world differ in linguistic styles, their verbal rituals usually engage males in a contest or war of words, while females usually engage in ritual laments through create verbally couplets that express their feelings (p. 39). In American conversation, however, Tannen (1991) relates her teaching experiences, and comes to the conclusion that male teachers do verbal sparring (p. 39) female teachers, however, usually do verbal sorrowful that makes the discussion more hospitable to many students in the class.The latter, however, out to be uninteresting and boring to the males. Tannen (1991) mentions three reasons on why males speak more in class than females introductory is because the setting appears to be public, which males find more interesting second is because the setting is more contributive to debate-like communication third and final is because the setting reflects different attitudes toward speaking, which males have had more experiences with (p. 40 ). Females appear to be more shy or withdrawn, as compared to males. ResponseIn intercourse to the main topic that is there is a great difference with the way males and females use their own languages, I personally agree to this because I ever experience what she just mentioned about male students speaking more in class. In most of the classes that I attended to, it is always the male side that opens up new topics to discuss, for example, and then the females are usually the ones that debauch the topic to new horizons or angles of discussion. This makes it more lively and entertaining. However, I do non agree about what Tannen (1991) mentioned about females that come from single-sex schools doing better in life.In fact, my experiences relate that females that come from single-sex schools appear to be more withdrawn and shy when mixed in classes that are composed of both males and females. It appears that they are more apt only in communicating with females, which is opposed to what they should have learned in school. Thus, what Tannen (1991) finds, that based on her prove in class it is better to put males and females in smaller groups, females that come from single-sex schools are more apt to this type of discussion style.There are certain styles that this type of females find obscure and incomprehensible, since they are more comfortable only with their own gender. About male teachers doing verbal sparring, while female teachers do verbal touching, this is not always the case. I have had teachers that do the opposite thing males that do verbal touching and females that do verbal sparring. It is always better to mix male and female teachers because it makes the class more travel when talking of discussions. Females stretch out to new horizons, while males make the topic more interesting one that would stick to the mind of the students.Yet, as a whole, I personally agree that more females are shy and withdrawn when compared to males that are more adventu rous and daring. Lastly, in relation to the three reasons that Tannen (1991) mentioned that are the following first is that male students speak more in class because they have had more experiences to public speaking. In relation to this, it is consecutive that speaking in class is speaking in public, especially if the class is new and the students have not yet known one another.The second reason that Tannen (1991) mentioned, about male students speaking more in class because they are more conducive to debate-like communication, in general this may be true although a lot of females also tend to debate with other students, so this is not yet unlikable as it is. With the third reasons that Tannen (1991) mentioned, about males speaking more in class because they have had more experiences with traffic with different attitudes, this is also not closed as it is, since there are lots of males that do not have much experiences being with the public, such as one of my associates in class.H e is a male yet, he is shy and withdrawn. Conclusion In the different regional, ethnic, and class backgrounds, Tannen (1991) finds that there is great difference with the way males and females use their languages. Nevertheless, it is never good to put both genders in closed doors. There are always exceptions to the case.ReferenceTannen, D. (1991). How male and female students use language differently. In Learning at school (pp. 38-43). commit publisher.

Ethics Case Study Essay Example for Free

Ethics matter Study EssayUtilitarianismUtilitarianism would not qualify Tom falsifying information as un honest, as it would perplex the greatest benefits to the larger quantity of stakeholders whilst only bringing a limited amount of harm. This mickle be seen through the stakeholders who benefit from Tom gaining teeming-time employment such as his parents, the child receiving the life-saving sponsorship, the charity and the government, as Tom could start paying his HECS debt. One stakeholder who would be harmed by Toms dilemma is the small accounting steadfast in Milton. Ultimately the risk of this actually harming the business referable to his lack of experience would be minimised due to Tom being tightly supervised for the first year of work. opportunism besides maintains that the agent should do whatever they ought to do if it benefits themselves. In Toms example dilemma, if he falsifies his CV in order to achieve full time work, he is acting on the natural instin ct of self promotion that egoism sees as ethical.Kantian ethical motiveKantian ethics maintains that there are some things that are deemed wrong in themselves, apart from their consequences. This means that Tom should regard the act of lying as wrong regardless whether it brings roughly cheeseparing results. Kants categorical imperative states I should never act except in such a way that I can also will that my maxim should become a universal good (Kant, 1996). In universalising a law that is not in relation to specific circumstances, it allows righteous issues to be work by pure rationality. When applying Toms situation to Kants universalisation speculation, a maxim for Toms situation could be one should falsify data if it benefits them. This could not be chartered as a law universally as falsifying data could not be consistent, as eventually all data would be deemed tainted and therefore unusable, lead story to the act of giving information to its consume demise.If itwere ethical for Tom to falsify data, Tom would corroborate to accept that it would therefore be ethical for everyone to do so. If everyone was free to fake data, universal lying would weaken invest in communication. Kant also states act in such a way that you treat humanity, whether in your own person or in the person of another, always at the very(prenominal) time as an shutdown and never simply means (Kant, 1996). If Tom falsified his CV, it would result in disrespect as the owners of the accounting bulletproof are basing crucial business decisions on inaccurate data, which is unethical.Virtue ethicsApplying virtue ethics is base on evaluating how virtuous Tom is, not just the actions or consequences of his righteous situation. A virtue that can be applied from Aristotles Doctrine of the Mean is indifference significance good deeds are through with(p) for their own sake and not for personal recognition. The two vices of indifference are false modesty (deficiency) and careeri st(excess). assuming Tom decided to fake his CV he would display characteristics in the vice of excess meaning he is a careerist and would not be classified as virtuous, and therefore unethical.Ranking of Ethical Theories1. Utilitarianism/EgoismUtilitarianism is in line with many fundamental morals that society intends for us to withdraw. For example, two fundamental ethical principles are that we must avoid doing harm to others and labor to do good. When I consider definite actions or decisions, I usually evaluate them in terms of their consequences. Although it disregards the ethical element of an action, it looks at the benefits it can make conceptualise in solving my moral dilemmas. Egoism alsousually takes part in most of my moral decision making. I usually base many of my decisions on the consequences I can achieve, therefore rein this most useful.2. Virtue EthicsI use virtue ethics to solve some moral issues due to the benefit of gaining insight into emotional and pers onal values in relation to the action. I believe people are emotionally involved in ethical reasoning making virtue ethics a better way to rate whether an action is ethical or not. I find this theory somewhat useful as I believe every situation cannot be branded infra absolute rules, as in Kantian Ethics.3. Kantian EthicsAlthough Kantian seems like the right moral structure to follow it is extremely idealistic and would not necessarily result in good outcomes for me or the great good of everyone. I think due to it being a rigid system, in certain situations for my moral dilemmas, it could not be used as Kantian ethics does not factor the splendor of character and motivation in making ethical judgements. Therefore I dont believe I would assess the ethics of a dilemma accurately, finding this least useful.PART BSocially responsible organisations should aim to minimise their negative impacts, but the fast nutriment industry faces extreme public criticism due to the effects it is h aving on some main stakeholders consumers and communities. Fast provender consumption is potentially harmful and if businesses adopt Friedmans shareholder theory by only focusing on short-term profit goals, the long-term eudaemonia of customers is compromised. For example, Bowman, Gortmaker Ebbeling (2004), indicate that energy derived from fastfood is10% of a childs average recommended daily intake, 5 measure more than the 1970s. This highlights the need for somebody to not only take responsibility but action. Advertisers drip 100s of billions of dollars a year worldwide encouraging, persuading and manipulating children into a consumer lifestyle (Beder, 1998), leading to devastating consequences.The narrow view by Friedman, where businesses adopt the let the government do it theory is criticised as society now has a greater concern for a better quality of life which businesses could help achieve. Supporters of Freeman maintain that fast food corporations have a responsibility t o their stakeholders and should acknowledge potential health risks associated with consuming fast food. Highly publicise food corporations should have responsibilities beyond enhancing their profits, because they have great social and economic power in society. This essential power discounts Friedmans theory that the business cant handle it. If corporations have such power, they should also take responsibility for its actions in these areas.Nature Neuroscience published a study linking effects of fast food to those of addictive substances such as cocaine, heroin and nicotine (Klein, 2010). If tobacco packaging in many countries legally have to display health warnings due to smoking being addictive, why does fast food packaging not have responsibility to do the same? Businesses who adopt a narrow view on CSR compromise stakeholders welfare. For example, on January 1954 in the US main tobacco companies published a statement named A hound Statement to Cigarette Smokers reaching an e stimated 43,245,000 Americans (Cummings, 2002).The advertisement promised consumers that cigarettes were safe and denied all health risks to consumers. This resulted in millions of people demise due to lacking concern stemming from the companies understating health effects in a blind effort to clear profit. This scenario could almost determine the future of fast food industries being irresponsible aboutmarketing to habituate consumers. If major food corporations dont undertake measures to outweigh unhealthy promotion to children and society, they might too face the same consequences.

The Benefits of Reading Essay Example for Free

The Benefits of Reading EssayReading is the topper thing we can do for ourselves. Not only does yarn ameliorate our lives, it can also enrich the world around us. It has been stated that, The to a greater extent you read, the better you get at it the better you get at it, the more you like it the more you like it, the more you do it. And the more you read, the more you know the more you know, the smarter you grow. The benefits of reading last a lifetime. Reading well affects a persons donnish and professional success.However, it has been found that Malaysians do not read enough. Many students do not read beyond the materials of the school curriculum. With the existence of television and the advancement of computers with the internet, books have taken a corroborateseat. The young today prefers burgeon forth roots in front of the television, surfing the internet or playing console games. Many grok reading as a chore rather than pleasure. There is a need to bring back the cre ative culture of reading among Malaysians.Since the birth of our nation in 1957, there have been numerous campaigns held to bring forward the reading habit among Malaysians because our government knows that only an educated and knowledgeable nation can climb up the ladder of success. However, campaigns launched to encour days reading are unable to achieve much as progress cannot be seen in the short time limit. Reading is the habit that has to be ingrained and inculcated from young. An environment that encourages reading inescapably to be created by parents in the home.Research has shown that the early years in a childs life have the highest rates in forming and establishing the habit of reading. Habits formed at a young age will stay with them for a long time. Thus, parents and teachers should teach the young to appreciate and enjoy reading beyond their school text books. The reading time should not be turned into a task but into a pleasurable and enthralling experience. The ben efits of reading are many. Reading fiction materials can transport the subscriber to another world and provides relaxation.It has a therapeutic effect as it stimulates the right side of the brain to the hit and rhythm of voice communication which has the ability to calm and relax us. Leisure reading can lead to an stimulation of language acquisition as well as language competence. Through carefully graded and selected reading materials learners can gain a wide range of vocabulary and good expressions, thereby improving their language skills. In general, those who have more literacy in face reads more. Teachers and lecturers of higher institution of learning are outrage when students or undergraduates cannot even comprehend reading passages or communicate their thoughts.The drop in the standard of English is definitely due to lack of reading materials in English. Reading is a profitable pursuit in which we can obtain beneficial insights and knowledge. Hence, Malaysians cannot ig nore the habit of reading. The habit needs to be exercised and allow to extend from a regular routine. Then, only with literate and educated citizens can our nation succeed and be raised to greater heights. After all, A nation that reads, is a nation that succeeds.

Online Education vs. Traditional Education Essay Example for Free

Online learning vs. Traditional Education EssayWhich symbolcast of schooling would fit a soulfulnesss livelihood and mavins familys life the best online pedagogics or handed-down upbringing? When making a decisiveness ab unwrap furthering champions cultivation ring approximately it hard and think about what type of life that person is living, is it calm and easy going? Or is the person al bureaus busy and track around doing something with ones children or sightly al manners doing something?Choosing a type of reading is a very important purpose to make and should non be made quickly, one would need to think about it and research each type of education rather it be online or traditional in the beginning making that choice of which education would locomote best for that person. Comp ared to traditional education, online education is the new age of education, and in any case is much much convenient and less intimidating for almost schoolchilds. Traditional e ducation is much on a set schedule and is more for the hands on students.Traditional education is still a superior way to defecate got an education over the online education, only if online education is the new, easier and more advanced way to also receive an education. Online education and traditional education are both awesome ways to receive an education, but also are both very diametrical ways to learn. That person just has to reconcile which type of education would fit ones life better online education with easier convenience or traditional education that is on a straight and narrow line.Choosing a type of education is one of the most important decisions that one can make in ones lifetime, so just be careful over which type of education that one should choose. First we will start out by discussing online education. Online education is of much easier convenience than traditional education, because a person can do it at home or even on the go. Online education is ideal for the working parent, or the on the go adult. Many people choose online education over traditional education because for most bookmans it is less intimidating.The student is in their let environment and it lets them feel more leisurely, so the student can participate and not be scared of what an some other student will say or do. Also it involves the students more because during online education the student has to post to other students or interact with them, and the instructor as well or the student does not get participation grade and that is important when doing online education. The shy type students feel morecomfortable doing it online because the student is not face-to-face with all the other students they are hidden behind the computer so the student doesnt have to worry about getting picked on or anything in that students own home. When one chooses to do education online it also contributes to the students to learn better computer skills and the new technology about the co mputer so they can keep up and be able to graduate the online classes. When one chooses to do online education you have to be able to use the computer to an extent to be able to over(p) the necessary work needed for online classes.Online education is for the self-paced learners unlike traditional education which is for the visual learners. Online education and traditional education are different ways of learning and it depends on the person and which one would be castigate for that person. Now second let us talk about traditional education. Traditional education is on a set margin every day and nothing changes with the school schedule. In traditional education your attendance is mandatory and is required basically every day for that students participation.When in a traditional education class room it enables teacher and student interaction and encourages face-to-face communication. The student has no choice but to talk to the teachers and the other students to get that students op inion. When students are in a traditional classroom setting around other students or ones peers it creates some aspiration between the other students, and that is a huge thing to have among student peers. A little arguing among students only gets them to go over and beyond to be the best or at least on the same page as the other students.One student doesnt want to be left field behind the other students concerning grades or assignments. Traditional education is perfect for the hands on learners, the ones that need things to be in front of their face to learn things completely. In traditional education you are on a set schedule every day, where nothing changes except maybe the class, unlike with online education which is much more flexible. Traditional education is much more on the straight narrow line than online education is.When one chooses to go the traditional education route then you have to rise up in class, and you have to sit through lectures from your instructor and cram all that information into notes or in your head. That is why a person has to make sure to make the perfect choice for continuing education if it would be online education or traditional education. Finally when it comes to concerning comparing the two types of education you can find the correct type of education for the type of person you are. Traditional and online education is so very different, but also is equal in many ways to.The two types of education both have classes, teachers, deans or principals, interaction with other students and teachers either face-to-face or over the computer, grades that you have to keep up to pass the class, plus in that location are many more. Differences in the two types of education between online and traditional education is what makes the choice of the unspoiled type of education for that type of person so hard to choose. Some of the things are like the cultivation cost, the type of learner that you are, and some of the degrees that you ear n from the college are current more than the others are.Online education culture is commonly cheaper than traditional education, but traditional education degrees are more accredited than online education in most places of business to receive a crease. Like for example if two different people were applying for the same job and one had a degree over an online education university course, and the other person went to an university on campus, then more than likely the one that went to the college on campus will get the job.Not saying that online degrees are not accredited most of them are it all just depends on the university that you got the degree at, and the person over the job you are wanting to get. One of the biggest things about choosing which type of education is the best for that type of person is what type of learner that person is. If you can just read or research something and it helps you learn the subject then online education would be great for you.If you need visual and hands on learning or a teacher showing and instructing you on how to do something then traditional education would be the best option for that person. At last Online education and traditional education both has their own strengths and their own weaknesses in many different and similar ways. When making a choice of going back to school it is such an important decision to make, and one should never just jump into taking classes or continuing ones education without making sure which type of education would be the best for that person and that persons family.Online education is much more convenient and easier to incorporate into your everyday life, unlike with traditional education. Traditional education is on a set schedule and set margin. Every day is the same routine and you have to show up for class which could be hard for the working parent or even some students. When it comes to concerning tuition cost online education tuition is usually cheaper, although traditional educatio n tuition may cost more, but there degrees are also more accredited by more businesses so you could get a job easier or faster.So just because online education is cheaper doesnt mean it is better, but just because traditional education cost more doesnt mean it is better either, it all depends on the person and the way that persons life is. Each type of education has its good points and its bad points, so forwards choosing to go back to school think about it hard and rational so that each person can decide which type of education online education or traditional education is going to work the best for that person and that persons family.References- www. isnare. com Author Bob Willouby. Carl Rogers on Personal Power draw for Supervision and Curriculum Development. Freedom to Learn- Carl Rogers. Humanistic Education Objectives and Assessment Maslow, A. H. The Farther Reaches of Human Nature- Carl Ed. Letters, and Glickman. What We Can Do About the Real Crisis in Public Education- Davi d F. Labaree The Assessment Debate- Valerie J. Janesick.

Regarding possible influences on thought Essay Example for Free

Regarding possible influences on belief EssayThere is an undeniable connection between thought and oral communication. And as thought is so all important(p) to our knowledge, a study of our delivery itself is necessary. This essay get pencil leads how our language might affect our thought. In doing so, I shall examine the question, what is language?.So, what is language? Etymologists, those who study language (in how it develops and changes), generally agree that language first started developing cardinal thousand to a hundred and fifty thousand years ago.It began when, by an evolutionary chance, the oesophagus go in human beings. This did two things firstly it made them very prvirtuoso to choking (this is often taken as proof that the ability to speak is innate in human beings for if benefits of speech were not real quickly this should energise died out al approximately immediately in accordance with the theory of evolution) and secondly it dramatically increased th e range of sounds they could produce orally. It is thought that the natural calls animals make shrieks of alarm to show danger etc demonstrable and became more complex to form a very basic language.Soon, these developed connotations variations of alarm calls could be use to convey fear, pain or sadness whilst variations of triumphant calls could be used to show happiness, safety or the location of food. Imitations of the sounds things made also developed a stream could be indicated by a gurgle, wind by a whoosh and so on. Examples of these two phenomenons continue laughter and crying is pretty customary in babies whilst young children often refer to police cars as whah whah in an imitation of their sound. Language was advertise developed, reflecting the need to talk about the speakers environment.A commonly quoted example of this is that the Inuit have twenty linguistic process for snow. not only is this debateable Inuit nouns are formed as in German, where nouns are tacked onto each other but also, incline has at least fifty However, a better example would be the aborigines of Tasmania who have a give way word for every kind of native tree, over two hundred in total, but do not have a word for tree. This is because in their environment, all the trees which surround them appear to be drastically varied. It is also said (perhaps somewhat dubiously) that Arabic has approximately six thousand words for camels and camel-equipment. T is undoubtedly that language is affected in its evolution by our surroundings and our need to communicate about them.The main problems with language preserve be its vagueness and also the item that it evolves according to our needs. Language is very vague and words can have myriads of meanings. In the English language, the word set has fifty eight non-obsolete uses as a noun, one hundred and twenty eight as a verb and ten as a participle adjective. The Oxford English Dictionary uses sixty thousand words, including abbr eviations and symbols, to define it and set is by no means alone.The fact that language reflects its environment means that when someone has an original thought they often have to come up with an entirely new vocabulary to explain it. An example of this would be the concept of the big bang. When the idea originated, the language used to describe it was wholly new and very few understood it. As the theory grew in popularity, its language was accepted into common usage. However, when the majority of the populace does not concern itself with that idea, the vocabulary become jargon, to be known only by experts. Language reflects or needs of it.Written language originated as logograms in the form of pictograms where to write house, one would draw a picture of a house. Soon these became ideograms where, as in language, associations where used e.g. a sun to represent heat. This is the basis of all languages and today can be seen in Chinese and Japanese, as well as the ancient hieroglyp hs, Linear A and Linear B. Some languages went one step further, changing from logograms to phonograms. This resulted in syllabic or alphabetic symbols, where words were written using their sounds in spoken language. This was the first link between written and spoken language. Written language, in our society, is now completely dependant on spoken language so the two are often seen as synominous.The Sapir-Whorf supposal argues that the nature of a particular language influences the habitual thoughts of its speaker. Different patterns of language would therefore lead to different patterns of thought. Thus this challenges that the world can be represented objectively, as language will influence its user. The most extreme supporters of this theory argue that thought is reliant on language and that therefore there can be no thought without language. The twentieth century Austrian philosopher, Wittgenstein says that, because of this, language hinders us. For example, when we say that we saw nobody on the road we have not actually seen nobody. More accurately, we did not see anyone on the road. some other twentieth century philosopher, a Rusiian named Vigotsky, would disagree with this.He held that language helps us to think. He says that the thought is consistent and is clarified by using language. However, a large number of people disagree with the extreme go steady that thought is impossible without language. Look, they say, at when we are lost for words or the words are on the tip of our tongue we know what were thinking but careen say it. Another example would be that we can often imagine in our heads as an image something for example, the beginning of the universe but cant describe it. This theory states language is created by thought, although language may later by used as a means through which to think. Many etymologists would agree with this theory as it complies with their theory on how language develops you see something, you think about it and th en you develop language to convey these thoughts and to clarify them.So, our language is shaped by the world around us, and our thoughts are shaped by our language. So our thoughts are influenced, not serious out of practicality, but empirically by our surroundings. For if we are not familiar with a concept or object or person then we are unlikely to have the language to describe it and if we dont have the language then we are unlikely to be able to think about something properly, even if we wished to.

When I Lost a Friend Essay Example for Free

When I Lost a Friend EssayJason was the bravest fire-fighter I had ever worked with. He used to say that no consequence how wealthy you are, no matter how strong you are, if you do not risk your life for others, you are not a man.Once, we were supposed to attend day-shift but our boss called Jason and myself and told us to work the night-shift instead. As we went in at septenary oclock in the evening, we made a cup of coffee and started checking the fire trucks. At more or less ten oclock, the siren rang and we were informed that our assistance was required as there was a impatient house. Six trucks, including two ladder trucks, emerged from the garages and we sped up the highway of North Carolina as fast as we could.As we arrived, a young man came rushing at us, panic-stricken, with tears in his eyes, telling us that his little girl was trapped in the flames. Quickly Jason with the courage of a lion, fetched his breathing apparatus and an axe an in he went in the hungry fla mes of the devastating fire. We followed him in and as we were going up the stairs, he ordered us to go out again because everything was brittle and the structure of the house could no longer support quaternity people.We went out again while he kept advancing in the towering flames. We kept radio contact with him and when he heard the crying and shouting of twenty-year old Christa, he quickly told us that he had found the girl.Half an hour later, Jason emerged from a door with the girl walking beside him and when the girl ran to her boyfriend he fell to the ground. We rushed to see what had happened but he was dead. One of my friends, Jack, looked at the lung monitor. (This is a digital bear which measures the concentration of carbon dioxide against that of oxygen in the lungs). The ratio was scary. He had eighty-five percent carbon dioxide and fifteen per-cent oxygen in his lungs.This was the worst day of my life. Jason, my right hand man passed away while on duty saving a perso ns life. As a show of respect we stuck a large sticker with his saying on his truck No matter how rich you are, no matter how strong you are, if you do not risk your life for others, you are not a man.

The Marketing Strategies In The Toyota Company Essay Example for Free

The Marketing Strategies In The Toyota Company EssayToyota Company for the prehistorical many years invite been known for its quality products and reliability. But the very creativity of Toyota in its businesses and projects which touches any aspect of life was hardly seen by the people. It is when the participation tried to create an image for themselves showcasing their eco-friendly activities like federation in motor sports and also practiced corporate philanthropic acts. Toyota managed to develop great principles and philosophies which helped in the manufacturing of the different exclusive precedents of the Toyota Production System. Toyotas success of the tools and the technologies is due to the following 4 Ps model which they follow very rigidly.Philosophy The company philosophy states that they have to drive the market by square the stakeholders of the company who are customers, society at large, community and its associates.Process Following the right kind of b utt will yield bettor results in the short term and long term improvement process. plurality and Partners More skilled and confident people who have the zeal to learn and grow in the company help and value the organization success.Problem Solving Organizational learning and experiences take place however if there is a control mechanism for solving the problems and the issues.Continuous improvement is still a better option which has been opted for. Toyota designs its strategies based on the concept of breaking down the jobs to develop specific work assignments which would be provided to the respective audience who will have the effectiveness in performing the task. Training processes needs to be sharpened by Toyota to meet up to its expectations. Toyota believes in developing the people by its rigorous and constant problem solving mechanism which is in place.Toyota since 2003 has been considered as the worlds second car buzz offr follow behind GMC. With the makeive designs in its technology, Toyota has been regarded as the best among the auto consumers across the globe. It has made the reputation and disgrace not only for its attractive designs in the vehicles but because of its affordable prices, markering process and the marketing techniques that have been followed.It has been successful in being different from other automakers because of the differential pricing mechanism. The section and the targeting measures have been silken in way that each customers needs and wants have been effectively satisfied. Toyota uses a noticeable definition to describe its business entity by marketing its business line as being dismiss efficient, environmentally friendly and having better quality products and also it marketed as being a funny and socialize in terms of its promotional campaigns.Although Toyota gained enough revenue because of this unique selling proposition, still the masses considered it as only a fun company. Hence it decided to start up a new br and named Lexus targeting the luxury car market which it thought of marketing as a separate company with no relation to Toyota. This project was successful because of it better customer support services and a strong diffusion network.Despite all the innovativeness shown, Toyota faced a crunch and a problem in their Demographic segmentation with reference to the age factor. It targeted an average age to be 47 as compared to the industry average to be 45 and hence choose to design a marketing campaign for the youth segment to bias them in buying Toyota products. Thus it started manufacturing and designing sports utility and youthful models to target the younger youth segment.To make this youth project a success it promoted its products on youth oriented media like MTV, sports channels foreground its brand philosophy on the websites in a flamboyant and a loud manner and by sponsoring various live programs. They were so practical and disciplined in their marketing tactics that they f ollowed the concept of no negotiation in their prices and also providing no pressure on the customers to force their buying there by encouraging vehicle customization for its customers to enforce their purchase decision.The success of Toyota is regarded for its ability to identify the newer growth opportunities thereby achieving great market development and product development thereof capturing them in a timely phased manner. It also intemperate on downsizing wherever required so as to minimize on the resources which did not prove results.The unique characteristics of Toyotas marketing strategies is that it has kept aside the traditional marketing tactics like surveys or focus groups or case studies but has adopted techniques like participating in parties, clubs, art galleries thus helping in creating a balanced rapport with the youth.Toyota felt that the marketers shouldnt use marketing gimmicks to attract the customers but to devise strategies which convey the messages in a st raightforward, authentic and undemanding manner. Publicizing their product digress in music CDs was another plus point for the company. tissuesites were the point of grievance handling and a focal point for providing feedback and suggestions in an interactive manner.Toyota thus has created a niche for themselves because of its economies of scale, global brand name and exceedingly equipped and skilled engineers, all of which have been contributed in the best manner to showcase the company positively.ReferencesCina, M. (2002). Toyota Uses ludicrous Marketing Strategy For Scion. Retrieved on April 4, 2008, from Popular Mechanics Web site http//www.popularmechanics.com/automotive/new_cars/1270196.htmlLiker, J. Et al (2005). The Toyota delegacy Fieldbook 1st Ed, New York McGraw Hill.Wittens, S. Et al (2006). Toyota Developing Strategies for Growth Retrieved on April 4, 2008, from Life in Motion Web site http//lifeinmotion.wordpress.com/2006/12/23/%E2%80%9Ctoyota-developing-strategie s-for-growth%E2%80%9D/

Female Education Essay Example for Free

Female Education EssayIntrcduction Education means mental and moral training. It is the light that clears hit the darkness of ignorance from our mental horizon. It open wide to our vision the vastness of Gods creation and enables us to think about the merciful creator of this universe. It is a blessing. It ensures a perfect and harmonious development of our innate qualities and makes us worthy of the name Ashraful Makhlukat Education should be universal Education is a light to which everybody has the oppose right. When God created homophile and woman, he drew no stark and fast line of distinction among them. He endowed them all equally with the bright and noble faculties. So breeding cannot be an max possession of any class or sect or sex. So God made the search of knowledge compulsory for every man and woman. So cultivation should be universal. It should be imparted to both man and woman, Who form one-half of the population. They should not be refused the benefits of e ducation. View against female education There are, however, some mess who are strongly opposed to the female education.They say that it is useless to impart education to women, whose duties are captive to household affairs, rearing of children and ministering to the comforts of their male parents. Reasons for educating women It is true that women have many special tasks in brio and there sphere of duties are different from those of men. But we should that these tasks also need training and education. Unless women get straight-laced education, all their prospective faculties get crippled. It is only by imparting proper education to them that we can put up them to discharge the duties nicely and decently.Secondly, education of children depends a great deal upon mothers. Childhood is the most impressionable microscope stage and anything good or bad, taught to child makes an indelible mark on his mind. Can we have educated and precedent citizens when the mothers themselves are fo olish and ignorant ? No, we can not. Thirdly, every woman is a potential mother. The future of a child greatly depends on how it is brought up and educated in childhood. An educated mother is naturally pass judgment to bring up and educate her children better than an uneducated mother. Fourthly, social responsibilities should also be shared by men and women.In domestic life a woman can lend a aid hand to her husband. when a husband returns home extremely tired after the days hard toil in the outside world, it is for her to cheer him up and to make his life easy and comfortable. She serves as the top hat and truest friend and her words go a long way towards influencing her husband for what is good and noble. these are the strongest points in favour of female education. However, opinions may differ in respect of the nature of education to be imparted to woman. conventional system of education for girls to be changed Our main object is to educate our women systematically and carefu lly.By education we do not mean the winning of different Degrees of the university. The traditional system of education for girls should be changed. Cooking, Sewing, Child rearing, dental plate Economics and Nursing should be introduced in the curriculum of their studies. studies. Some are under the impression that education makes woman foppish, weak and quite incapable of discharging their domestic duties. But they must know what makes them so is not education at all. Early marriage should be abolished Early marriage is one of the hindrances to female education in our country.It is a custom among the muslims to get their daughters and sisters married earlier they attain puberty. they are married before they understand well their duties as wives and often they become mothers before they pass their girlhood. so the system by all means be abolished from our society. Conclusion All steps necessary should be taken to foster universal female education for the survival of our nation. It is heartening to note that the Government has recently declared lay off and compulsory education for rural girls upto class pic.

Business Messages Essay Example for Free

Business Messages EssayIn a handed-down workplace, memos be the usual form of business messages that are send from officers to employees. With the advent of technology, the issuance of memorandums is often express mail to topics of general interest, like organizational meetings or policy changes.If I were a lead engineer in Cards4U, Id maximize the use of faster and more efficient tools to aid me in communicating with other members of the team, as well as comp either executives and potential customers. That means e-mails will be the primary source of parley among the team members, since sending and receiving messages take only a few seconds to a few minutes. E-mail communications are convenient, does not need to be too formal, and potentiometer be accessed anytime, anywhere. The memos will be utilised to inform the CEO or customers regarding product presentations and updates.Since Im a lead engineer in a seminal design group, presentations using PowerPoint or Flash would b e very useful in showcasing latest designs and innovations. Reports are also necessary to document the progress, activities, and changes in the production department. Face to face meetings with customers are important to open rapport and get them to buy your designs, or get their feedback.If face-to-face meeting is not possible, conference calls can also be used. Meeting the CEO for updates and developments would also require face-to-face encounters. However, if the chief executive initiated conference using e-mails, then, I should take his lead and reply using the same medium. But if the message were sent through the more formal memorandum, then the reply would also be of that kind.More importantly, in any type of business communication that I would send, the messages should be concise, direct to the point, and professional.ReferencesBusiness/Professional Writing.(1995-2004). OWL at Purdue University. Retrieved December 4,2007, from http//owl.english.purdue.edu/workshops/pp/index .htmlbusinessRamsey, L. (2005). Business E-mail Messages Professionalism. Retrieved December 4, 2007,from, http//website101.com/email_e-mail/e-mail_business-etiquette.htmlKotelnikov, V. Effective Business Communication. Retrieved December 4, 2007, from http//www.1000ventures.com/business_guide/crosscuttings/biz_communication_main.html

Death of Marat Essay Example for Free

Death of Marat EssayI love the story of a conversation that took place at an English country ho custom du circle a dinner party, where the host had just started up the discussion of expiry and asked the various guests what will happen to them after(prenominal) they die. Some thought about reincarnation and others though about different plains of being, and others thought that they were going to be annihilated.All of the guests had answered the straits except for sir Roderick, who was a military type, a very devout part to the per cause of England where he was alike the church warden, chief of the vestry, in the local county of Parish. The lady said sir Roderick you subscribent said a word, what do you think is going to happen to you when you die? oh he said I am certain that I will go to heaven and enjoy everlasting bliss, scarcely I wish you wouldnt indulge I such a depressing conversationThe polarity of oddment It is talked about with such anguish and fright yet port rayed finished art as something that represents musical accompaniment or enlightenment that each(prenominal) together are emotionally wrenching ideas that devour been both subject for artists and served as an incentive for artistic production end-to-end history, perhaps as lots as, perhaps more than, any other subject since artists have dealt with goal, dying, the threat of terminal, escape from death, thoughts of death, and preparation for death through the centuries.For me, death in neo-classicism was the obvious choice because it so strongly reflects the change that was going through Europe at the prison term, where plagues, revolution and war scattered the common wasteland. Through the age of enlightenment death began to play a different role amongst artists and scientists where the interest in mortality and old age, the decayed organic structure and the anatomical structure layered in lifelessness took new forms.With death came the peeling back of layers, skin, muscles , variety meat embalming and mummification, posing the question on whether there is an immaterial soul or whether the body is only a complicated organ capable of immense things. This is something I felt is strongly expressed in the characterisation that I have chosen. The Death of Marat, painted by Jacques-Louis David in 1793 is a story that relates to the French Revolution, in which a radical journalist, Marat, is polish off in his bath by Charlotte Corday, who believed that his death would end the violence throughout the country.It has been described by T. J. Clark as the first modernist icon, for the way it took the stuff of politics as its material, and did not shift it(1). However I believe that the painting also allows a portrayal of a philosophical opponent on the subject of death. Through this essay I will argue how the painting demonstrates the struggle among the polarizations of death through a neo-classicistic point of view. Analysis The painting Death of Marat d epicts the death of a murdered radical journalist during the French revolution.Charlotte Corday, the murderer, was a Girondin(2) from a minor aristocratic family and a political antagonist of Marat who blamed him for the September Massacre. She gained entrance to Marats rooms with a note promising details of a counter-revolutionary ring in Caen. Marat suffered from a skin condition that caused him to work from his bath. Corday stabbed Marat, who died. She did not attempt to flee, and was later trailed and executed. While the painting is done in a realistic style, it has elements of being idealized, so that Marats death is al nearly graceful.His head is resting peacefully on the edge of the tub, and despite being stabbed in the chest he is still holding a quill in his right hand with which he was writing a letter, which he still holds in his left hand. This along with the dramatic lighting and overall calmness of the pellet betrays the actually brutality of the stabbing. In fact, i ts a very peaceful painting. You could almost be forgiven for not thinking him dead. The Death of Marat is designed to memorialize a soulfulnessable hero. David intended to record more than just the horror of martyrdom.In this sense, for realistic as it is in its details, the painting, as a whole, from its start, is a methodical construction focusing on the victim, a big set up regarded today by several critics as an awful beautiful lie. (3) To fully translate this artwork there are essentially two aspects to consider first the style used by David, i. e. Neo-classicism, and secondly the artists purpose, i. e. turning Marat into a hero of high moral virtues according to the guiltless tradition. Neoclassicism as the name says was essentially a rediscovery of classical art from the Greek and Roman time.This style positivistic rigorous contours, sculptured forms, and polished surfaces and was based on ideals of harmony and austerity. By applying such technique, death is praise an d allows further depth for the beholder, which makes the message of the decisive clash of life and death stronger. Marat is dying his eyelids droop, his head weighs to a great extent on his shoulder, his right arm slides to the ground. His body, as painted by David, is that of a healthy man, still young.The scene inevitably calls to mind a rendering of the Descent from the Cross. (4) The face is marked by suffering, but is also gentle and suffused by a growing peacefulness as the fangs of death loosen their grip. The significance of this is the illation that Marat sacrificed himself for the good of the people, just as Christ is said to have done. Other religious elements are also prominent, the halo like turban around Marats head, and the heavenly light shining upon Marats saintly face. The portrayal of Marat in this way contrasts with other accounts describing him. Marat up until the moments before his death was a violent man who totally supported the executions of all those who opposed the government.Marat was once known to have said, In order to tell public tranquility 200,000 heads must be cut off. (5) It was Davids aim to construct images of a unconsecrated saint. David believed that Art must have a social mission (appeal to the beholders moral sense instead of entirely giving him pleasure). Art must contribute forcefully to the education of the public. However in a time when violence was so prevalent actuality was replaced by inaccurate images resulting in historical misrepresentations. This was partly due to the venerate people experienced, due to sympathies people held.David supported the Jacobins and so this representation is biased, giving only the Jacobins perspective, not at all representing the views of Corday or the Girondins who particularly hated Marat. All reflections in history are biased documents, but thats another discussion. My interest with the Death of Marat lies within two philosophical notions, dualism and physicalism, Most re ligious views have a intuitive feeling in the afterlife and the continuation of living in some other form after life has been completed.For Christians death leads to heaven, or hell to nonbelievers. For Buddhists death restarts the life cycle in reincarnation, the person becoming another living entity in another shape. Death in this piece of art has the superpower to confront the viewer with their own mortality, their own livingness, in ways that surpass normal emotions. In most modern countries, death is something that is hidden away from people, separated into cemeteries and funerals. Most would agree that death is an inherently deplorable thing, that living surpasses death in possible everyway.Death in culture has such wide ranging magnificence between nations and societies that one simple analysis does little justify the range of connotations. Conclusion The theme of death in art has been around for centuries. Death and the last living hours are present in the mania of the Christ, a subject matter that has been present strongly through arts history. The dramatic use of neo-classicistic art techniques allowed David to capture not just a painting but also a emblematical gesture that death represents.By taking the fundamental pillars of neoclassicism and romanticizing them he was able to gain entrance to a certain presence. If theres ever a picture that would make you want to die for a cause, it is Death of Marat. only when thats to separate it from the appalling moment of its creation, the French Revolution. For David, Marat wasnt a monster, he was a saint. This was martyrdom, and part of Davids manifesto of the revolutionary virtue. When analyzing representations from the past we must recognize motivating factors behind representations.Subsequently we must question representations of the past, such as Davids The Death of Marat and the validity of opposing views. However death is far from being a radically new idea, it contains a wide range of philos ophical concepts, depending and varying on cultural differences. The belief that human beings survive death in some form has profoundly influenced the thoughts, emotions, arts, scripts and actions of mankind. The belief occurs in all religions, past and present, and decisively condition the evaluations of man and his place in the universe.

Sms Based Home Appliance Control Information Technology Essay

Sms Based Home Appliance Control Information engineering science EssaySecurity for homes and offices is an im lar bill of f beant aspect in the modern humanity engineers atomic number 18 continuously prove uncomparable certificate governing bodys that take utility of todays technology. GSM base zone shelter dodging is one of those unique systems that provides security. This system basically p milds by sending a SMS to a predetermined mobile unit within a GSM net maneuver when the security is breached. It bum excessively be logged with a pc or laptop in tack together to monitor the status of the security.In todays creative activity various types of security systems atomic number 18 creation utilise in homes, offices, cars and so forth All of these systems particularly the ones utilize at homes primarily consist of a motion demodulator, a siren that triggers when it receives a signal from the motion detector, a battery, a jibe invention and an electronic card . If there is a breach in security the motion detector sends a signal to the electronic card which in turn triggers the siren to provide the prototype. This is a disadvantage as these type of warnings can only be heard if there are people afford close to the source of the siren and even though some of the security systems provide a warning call to a pre-determined telephony (police/security company) using the fixed land limn, thieves usually disrupt the phone lines leading to the failure of such security systems.Therefore it is important to remove the afore-mentioned shortcoming and provide a security system that is efficient, affordable and characterr friendly which can be achieved by taking advantage of the present technological infrastructure and hardware.Project Aim and ObjectivesThe principal(prenominal) aim of this stray is to material body and bristle an efficient GSM base zone security system which takes advantage of the existing GSM infrastructure and hardware com ponents that can be utilise at homes and offices.The jump out leave focus on the following specific objectives-To develop and enhance a security system that sends the user a SMS when the security is breached.To test the GSM ground security system on a simulator.To build a security system that can be logged through a PC or laptop in order to monitor the status of the security.To put out front a security system that result make it difficult to be breached by burglars.To tell the benefits of the GSM based geographical zone security system compared to the other normal security system.1.32.0 LITERATURE REVIEW2.1Conceptual Literatureharmonize to Phillips (2006) security systems provide important protection against burglary and robbery. They are creation relied more and more in the world to prevent theft especially with the current high crime rate. Norman (2007) stated that there are several types of security systems but the one that users today prefer to install at homes and busin esses are receiving come out systems as they do not have the hassle of installing a lot of wires. They are too considered to be one of the easiest of all security alarm systems to operate.Norman (2007) highlighted that the piano tuner security systems use receiving set waves to send signals from the sensors to the carry panel in order to monitor the activity within the property. The latest wireless security systems as well as have the ability to send data to outside sources wirelessly by using GSM. fit in to Fares (2003) GSM which stands for Global systems for mobile communications is basically a cellular ne cardinalrk in which mobile phones tie in to it by searching cell in the immediate vicinity. In todays world GSM has choke one of the almost essential items to us as it provides us with a communication channel that enables us to communicate with the world freely. With GSM came the implementation of SMS or text messaging as stated by Poole (2006).Gast (2005) stated tha t the security systems that work with GSM infrastructure using GSM modem are known as GSM security system. In this system when there is an feature of security breach the user is sent a SMS notifying him/her of the security breach. It is a reliable security system but recently Nohl (2009) stated that there are fears that the GSM itself can be breached by cracking the algorithmic program that is responsible for the protection of the security of the GSM. This has been denied by the GSM association that represents the interests of the worldwide mobile communications industry. They have affirm that the GSM cannot be breached and that it is not currently possible to crack the algorithm protecting the GSM.According to Norman (2007) GSM security system consists of many other main components such as electromagnetic sensors, scene microcontrollers, keypad etc. These components make together with the GSM modem make a very effective and reliable security system.2.2 Related Projects2.2.1 SMS based Home Appliance Control.This project which was done by Anand kumar 2007 is a GSM based project in which SMS is utilise to control home appliances. This is done by sending the instruction through SMS which would be received by the microcontroller which then decodes the instruction and after that executes the instruction by switching on the relays attached to its port to control the appliances. In this project 8051 microcontroller was apply and for software Keil u-Vision 3.0 and PRO51 programmer software was used.2.2.2 GSM based Voting MachineThis project was done by John Seymour (2009). It is a GSM based project in which registered suffragers can send their vote through SMS. This achieved by starting signal registering the mobile number of the voter and during that registration they are given a password. So when the user is sending a SMS vote the microcontroller leave read the instruction and will first run a check whether it is a registered voter or not, if it is a register ed voter then it will ask for the password and verify it. If the password is correct it will accept the vote and send subscribe an SMS acknowledgement to the voter. The microcontroller used is an 89S52 microcontroller.2.2.3 GSM based Remote Energy Monitoring MeterThis project is a GSM based project which was done by Hussain Said (2009). This project uses GSM infrastructure to do remote monitor and control of the energy meter located at domestic houses. This project is very useful to the Electricity surgical incision as it would enable them to read the meter readings regularly without the call for of personnel visiting each house. It basically works by using a microcontroller unit that always monitors and records the meter readings in its memory location. hence these reading are sent to optimum location set by the Electricity Department. In this project 8051 microcontroller was used and for software Kiel u-Vision 3.0 and PRO51 programmer software was used3. MATERIALS AND METHODS3.1 Technical ProposalThis project is a crew of hardware and software development. The circuit is first designed and then optimum components are selected and used for the saying of the circuit. A program is developed for the picture show microcontroller. This is done by first report the program in C programming and then compiling it in MikroC. Several tests are done to make undisputable that they are all working successfully. After that the hardware development and the software development are combined. thence optical Basic program is written for interfacing. Then an overall test is done to see if the integral project is working successfully.Block Diagram of the Methodology used in this Project.StartProject program lap covering DesignDevelop Program for PICTest program on PIC Simulator cause CircuitTroubleshootDevelop VB for InterfacingCombination of Hardware and SoftwareFinal TestingTroubleshootingEND3.2 Equipment/ Facilities/ ProgramsHardwarebread board is used before a protot ype is built. It is used for troubleshooting and testing.PCB The circuit is finally built on the Printed Circuit Board (PCB).Multimeter was used for measuring voltage, current etc and also for fault finding.GSM modemSoftwareEAGLE (Easily Applicable vivid Layout Editor) software For Printed Circuit Board planMikroC PIC Simulator Software To test the program for the PIC microcontrollerVisual Basic3.3 Technical Description3.3.1 PIC MicrocontrollerPIC microcontroller stands for Peripheral Interface Controller according to Wilmshurt (2006). The PIC is a common microcontroller because of several advantages such asPower consumptionPICs have much humble king consumption at 5V.ClockIt has more accurate calibrated oscillators which help it have specific timing thus making the design more stable and efficient.AvailabilityIt is widely available.ProgrammingThe PIC microcontroller can be easily reprogrammed.Pin directionMost of the PIC microcontroller autumns are flexible as they can be se t as an input or and output thus making the design of the circuit easier.3.3.2 Electromagnetic sensorsCUsersKHALEDPicturesPhoto0289.jpg foresee 2.17 Electromagnetic sensor The magnetic sensor on the go forth and the magnet on the rightElectromagnetic sensors are usually used on doors and in a security system they are an integral part as stated by Norman (2007). They work by sensing the movement of the doors and windows magnetically. The magnetic sensors are small in size and consist of 1 magnet and 1 magnetic sensor. Phillips (2006) stated that the magnet is placed so that the magnet and magnetic sensor are in a position to be parallel to each other. So that when the signal that is between them is interrupted the magnetic the switch is tripped and immediately it sounds the alarm.3.3.3 KeypadFigure 2.14 4-4 matrix keypad modulesA matrix keypad is used to provide a simple data entry device for microcontroller systems. Their design is that the keys are connected in actors lines and c olumns, so that when a button is pressed a row and a column are connected. In order to read the keypad, each row is set low in turn and the state of the inputs is tested. If no button is pressed, all the inputs remain high. During the operation the rows and the columns of the keypad will be scan continuously by the microcontroller. When a key is being operated, a low on that row is detected on the column input for that key, which allows a corresponding code to be generated.3.3.4 RS 232RS 232 is an galvanizing signaling specification which is also known as signal port is used as the entry for data transmissions 232 comes in 9 declivitys which have its own specific twilight assignments. There are two types of RS 232 which is male (DB9M) and female (DB9F).Figure 2.11 The serial port overviewTable 2.12 The definition of each serial port evenfallsIn this project only three entraps are used. Pin 2 and PIN 3 is used to receive and transmit signal with the circuit. So Pin 5 will be u ses as ground.3.3.5 GSM modemA GSM modem is a wireless modem that works within a GSM wireless network according to Fares (2003) and he also states that the behavior of dial up modem is the same as a wireless modem. The only difference is that a dial up modem uses a fixed telephone line to transmit and receive data slice a wireless modem transmits and receives data through radio waves. A GSM modem needs a SIM card in order to operate.The GSM modem available in 2 typesExternal wireless modemIt is connected to the computer or a laptop a serial cable or USB cable.PC card/PCMCIA cardIts designed for laptops as it is slotted in a particular card slot built in the laptop.Figure 2.19 shown the main blocks and communication principle of a wireless system using the SIEMEINS C35i GSM modem.Figure 2.19 Main blocks in communication modem and the microcontroller.3.3.6 AT commandAn AT command is simply a set of instructions used to control a modem it the short form for Attention. Each command lin e starts with AT or at. A common set of standard AT commands are supported by GSM and dial up modems but the GSM modems support a more extended set of AT commands.In order to send, read, write and delete SMS message. We can use For example AT+CMGS (send command), AT+CMGR (read command), AT+CMGW (write command) and AT+CMGD (delete command) .Using the above mentioned commands the modem can do -Reading, writing and deleting SMS message.Sending SMS messageMonitoring the signal strength3.3.7 SMSSMS which is a short form for Short subject Service is used to receiving and sending message in between the mobile phone.Fares (2003) stated that since the development of SMS it has become a very successful wireless carrier becauseSMS message can be sent and take in at any time.SMS message are supported 100% GSM mobile phones and they can be exchange between different wireless carriers.SMS is a suitable technology for wireless application.The application of SMS is virtually unmeasurable today a s they are always being associated with embedded system to increase its utilization.Examples of SMS application are-Person-person text messageDelivery and notification messageUsed in remote system monitoring application.3.3.8 MikroC SoftwareMikroC is a software programming program which used by the people in order to program and compile microcontroller.Figure 3.3 MikroC with C programmingAfter created the program compile it by piffle the BUILD icon from the project toolbar.Figure 3.5 After compilation successful3.3.9 EAGLEEAGLE also known as Easily Applicable Graphical Layout Editor is draw conventional for PCB layout. One of the main reason that EAGLE is better in drawing schematic than any other software is that it has a comprehensive component library so this helps save time as there is less need to draw up the components. The auto route function of EAGLE is also good.Figure 3.6 Schematic drawing windowFigure 3.7 Placing componentsnetFigure 3.9 Wire up componentsFigure 3.10 Swi tch from schematic to boardRoute toolbarFigure 3.11 Routing toolbar4 PROJECT DEVELOPMENT4.1 Overall Circuit Schematic DiagramFigure 3.01 The Full Circuit Diagram of the GSM Zone based Security SystemFigure 3.01 shows the overall schematic diagram of GSM Zone based intruder system. The system hardware is divided into few parts for a better explanation. They are Microcontroller (PIC16F877A) Power Supply module, Serial port communications and liquid crystal display.4.1.1 PIC 16F877PFigure 3.02 The microcontroller and liquid crystal display implementationAs shown in Figure 3.02 the PIC Microcontroller 16F877P was chosen because of its software support availability, low exist and high feature count.For a reset button a push button is connected to MCLR pin anything happens during the operation. When the PIC is ON and the MCLR pin is connected to ground RESET occurs.A 4MHz oscillator is used which is widely popular in PIC circuits due to the importance of timing and clocking. Capacitor C3 and C4 is used to filter the oscillator signal. The resistor R11 is used for current limiting. The complete pin allocation shown in table 3.03.PIN NUM.PIN NAME continuative1MCLR attached to reset switch and Vcc (+5V)2RA0 order 13RA1ZONE 24RA2ZONE 35RA3ZONE 46RA47RA58RE0 connected to Buzzer9RE1Connected to Buzzer10RE211VDDVcc (+5V)12GNDGround13OSC1Connected to 4MHz Oscillator14OSC2Connected to 4MHz Oscillator15RC0ZONE 516RC1ZONE 217RC2ZONE 718RC3ZONE 819RD0Connected to liquid crystal display pin 1120RD1Connected to LCD pin 1221RD2Connected to LCD pin 1322RD3Connected to LCD pin 1423RC424RC525RC6Connected to scoopful 23226RC7Connected to MAX 23227RD4Connected to LCD pin 428RD5Connected to LCD pin 629RD630RD7Connected to output31VSSConnected to ground32VDDConnected to VCC (+5V)33RB0Connected to Keypad pin 134RB1Connected to Keypad pin 235RB2Connected to Keypad pin 336RB3Connected to Keypad pin 437RB4Connected to Keypad pin 538RB5Connected to Keypad pin 639RB6Connected to Keypad pin 740RB7Connected to Keypad pin 8Table 3.03 The PIC16F877P pin allocation4.1.2 Power supply moduleFigure 3.04 Voltage regulator used in systemDesigning a power supply module will be more complex and heavy as it consist of a step down transformer. By considering the fact, the needed input voltage is supplied directly from a 9V battery. The examine 3.04 is the voltage regulator LM 7805 used to regulate the 9V input voltage from the battery. The 9V voltage will be step down and regulate to 5V.The output bear from this power supply circuit are 9V (V+) and 5V (Vcc) DC voltage. These voltages value are based on the necessary of each module especially PIC 16F877P.The capacitor 220F is a bypass capacitor used for filtering the regulated voltage. The output voltage of this module will be supplied to PIC 16F877P, Liquid Crystal expose (LCD) and MAX 232.4.1.3 Serial Port communicationFigure 3.05 The serial port communication componentIn the serial port communication shown above, MAX 232 is connected in between modem and the circuit to work as buffer .It works by shifting the signal voltage level according to the requirement. The connection is figure above are based on the datasheet. The serial port pin 3(Tx) in RS 232 is connected with MAX 232 T1 OUTPUT which is pin 14.This connection is used to transmit data from modem to microcontroller. Hence the serial port pin 2(Rx) in RS 232 is connected with MAX 232 R1 IN input pin 13.The purpose of connection is for receiving data from microcontroller to modem.The capacitors are chosen as 10F and not 1F as stated in datasheet because the value worked well when testing was done.4.1.4 LCDFigure 3.06 The LCD used in the systemThe LCD is used to display the status of the GSM Zone based Security System. The type of LCD used is a 16 character line length in two line version JHD162A series LCD, which aline to a standard interface specification. Pins 1 and 2 are the power supply lines, whereby pin 1 is connected to ground and pin 2 to Vcc (+5V). Pin 3 is a control pin, which is used to commute the contrast of the display. This pin is connected to a variable resistor to alter the contrast by altering the resistance value. Pin 4 is the register select (RS line) connected to pin 27 of PIC 16F877P .Pin5 which will be the Read/Write line is connected with pin 3 of LCD itself. Where else the pin 6 which function as enable line connected to pin 28 of PIC 16F877P.The data line pin 11 to 14 of LCD is connected with pin 19,pin20,pin21 and pin 22 of PIC 16F877P.4.1.5 passFigure 3.07 Relay used in the systemRelay are devices which allow low power circuits to control the high circuits or instruments. Figure 3.07 shows the basic relay driver circuits used in GSM Zone based Security System. A 9V DC voltage been feed through the coil. A NPN BC547 transistor is being used to control the relay. The transistor is turn ON when the signal is feed through the pin 30 of the PIC. Once the transistor turns ON it will turn ON the re lay. A diode IN4148 is connected crosswise the relay coil to protect the transistor.4.1.6 Software ArchitectureThe PIC used in the system is programmed by using the C language. C language is one of the several programmer language commonly used to create a list of instruction to control the system. Figure 3.08 shows the flow of the constructed program in this project. As what has been discussed in chapter 2.3 the C language need to go through the compiling stage before being stored in the PIC. The MIKRO C compiler is used to compile the program of the system. Hence, the compiled program will be stored in PIC by using the PIC KIT 2 programmer. The compiling and storing process will be show in detail in appendices.Figure 3.08 Flow of the program in the intruder system4.1.6 PCB Schematic LayoutFig 4.3.1 PCB Schematic Layout